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Effects of Whole-Body Vibration and Pilates on Pain, Dynamic Balance, and Functional Performance in Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain

Sponsor: Lahore University of Biological and Applied Sciences • ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07719699

Registry updated: 2026-08-26

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Description

Chronic non-specific low back pain (CNSLBP) affects pain, balance, and functional ability. This randomized clinical trial aims to compare the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) and Pilates, both combined with conventional physiotherapy, on pain, dynamic balance, and functional performance. A total of 68 participants aged 18-40 years will be randomly assigned to either a WBV group or a Pilates group. Both groups will receive treatment three times per week for four weeks. Outcomes will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (pain), Y-Balance Test (dynamic balance), and Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation (functional performance). The results will help determine which intervention is more effective for managing CNSLBP and guide evidence-based rehabilitation practices.

Interventions

Whole body vibration (Other)
Whole-body vibration therapy will be delivered using a side-alternating vibration platform under the supervision of a trained physiotherapist. The intervention will be performed 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Each session will last 30 minutes, consisting of 10 bouts of 2 minutes vibration followed by 1 minute rest. Vibration parameters will include a frequency of 18 Hz and an amplitude of 2 mm. Participants will maintain a static standing posture with slight knee flexion, slight lumbar lordosis, and head erect. No additional exercises will be performed on the platform to isolate the effect of vibration. Participants will wear socks during the intervention. All participants will also receive conventional physiotherapy, including: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS): 100 Hz frequency, 200 µs pulse duration, 10 minutes Joint mobilization: oscillations at 1-2 Hz applied for approximately 5 minutes to hypomobile or painful lumbar segments
Pilates (Other)
Mat-based Pilates exercises will be performed under the supervision of a trained physiotherapist. The intervention will be conducted 3 sessions per week for 4 weeks, with each session lasting approximately 30 minutes, using a 2:1 work-rest ratio similar to the WBV group. The program will include: Diaphragmatic breathing: 2 min activity + 1 min rest The Hundred: 2 sets of 2 min with 30 sec rest Roll Up: 5 cycles (40 sec activity + 20 sec rest) Single Leg Circles: small and large circles (40 sec each + 20 sec rest), bilaterally Spine Stretch: 5 cycles (40 sec activity + 20 sec rest) Single Leg Stretch: 4 cycles (40 sec activity + 20 sec rest) Diaphragmatic breathing (cool-down): 2 min activity + 1 min rest Exercises will be performed at low to moderate intensity, focusing on core stabilization, breathing control, flexibility, and controlled movement. All participants will also receive conventional physiotherapy, including TENS (100 Hz, 200 µs, 10 minutes) and lumbar joint mobilizatio

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria: 1. Male and Female (18-40 years age) 2. Pain lasting for more than 12 weeks(determined by patient history) 3. Pain scores (VAS) ranging from 3 to 8 points 4. Pain located between T12 and gluteal folds(determined via palpation) 5. Not having attended Pilates for low back pain for atleast 6 months prior to enrollment Exclusion Criteria: 1. History of spinal surgery, fractures, tumors, infections, or inflammatory spinal disease. 2. Pregnant or lactating( strongly contraindicated for whole body vibration due to potential fetal risk and pelvic instability) 3. Radicular pain, nerve root compression or neurological deficits. 4. Medical comorbidities (e.g cardiovascular, neurological, endocrine or metabolic disease)(5). 5. Physical limitations (e.g. orthopedic or rheumatic diseases, muscular injury, fibromyalgia, or pain)that could affect their ability to perform the Pilate exercises. 6. Participants whose weight exceeds 150kg ( that's the maximum weight bearing capacity for WBV)

Conditions

Chronic Non Specific Low Back Pain

Locations

Surraya Azeem waqf hospital — Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan

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Official Source

Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov, a service of the U.S. National Institutes of Health.

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