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Effect of Combined Quadriceps and Calf Strengthening Program on Gait in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients

Sponsor: Riphah International University • ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT07402447

Registry updated: 2026-09-09

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Description

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of a combined quadriceps and calf strengthening program on gait, strength, pain, disability, functional mobility, and sleep quality in patients with knee osteoarthritis. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted at Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. A total of 52 participants aged 40-60 years with grade 2-3 knee osteoarthritis will be recruited using non-probability convenience sampling and randomly allocated into experimental and control groups. Outcome measures include Kinovea software for gait analysis, hand-held dynamometer for strength, Numeric Rating Scale for pain, WOMAC for disability, Timed Up and Go test for function, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality. Data will be analyzed using SPSS version 27 employing repeated measures ANOVA and mixed-way ANOVA.

Interventions

Group A (Combined Quadriceps and Calf Strengthening) (Other)
During weeks 1-2, Group A will receive a heating pad for 10 minutes followed by Grade II joint mobilization. This will be followed by strengthening exercises including quadriceps strengthening in the form of straight leg raises, quadriceps sets, and leg extension exercises with 1 kg weight. Calf strengthening exercises will also be performed, including standing heel raises, seated calf raises, and standing single heel raises with support. All exercises will be initially performed with 10 repetitions and 1 set. During weeks 3-4, the exercise protocol will progress by increasing the repetitions to 12, sets to 2, and external resistance to 1.5 kg. During weeks 5-6, further progression will be made by increasing the repetitions to 15, sets to 3, and external resistance to 2 kg.
Group B( Conventional) (Other)
During weeks 1-2, Group B will receive a heating pad for 10 minutes followed by Grade II joint mobilization. This will be followed by quadriceps strengthening in the form of straight leg raises, quadriceps sets, and leg extension exercises with 1 kg weight. All exercises will be initially performed with 10 repetitions and 1 set. During weeks 3-4, the exercise protocol will progress by increasing the repetitions to 12, sets to 2, and external resistance to 1.5 kg. During weeks 5-6, further progression will be made by increasing the repetitions to 15, sets to 3, and external resistance to 2 kg.

Eligibility criteria

Inclusion Criteria: * Both Male and Female * Participants aged 40-60years. * Diagnosed with grade 2 and 3 of knee osteoarthritis according to Kellgren-Lawrence * Quads manual muscle grading \<4 * Ability to understand and comply with exercise instructions. Exclusion Criteria: * History of recent knee surgery or trauma in the past six months. * Inflammatory joint diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, gout). * Severe cardiovascular or neurological disorders. * Uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes. * Participation in other physiotherapy or pharmacological interventions for knee OA during the study period. * Cognitive impairment or inability to follow commands

Conditions

Knee Osteoarthritis

Locations

Hayatabad Medical Complex — Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

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Official Source

Data sourced from ClinicalTrials.gov, a service of the U.S. National Institutes of Health.

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