Surgical Resection of Latent Brain Tumors Prior to Recurrence

Inclusion Criteria: * Age \>= 18 years * Histological or cytological confirmation of brain tumor and/or suspected brain tumor based on clinical and radiologic findings * Prior chemotherapy and/or radiation treatment directed to the known/suspected tumor * Radiographic evidence of residual or previously unresected tumor * Willingness to undergo surgery and sign informed consent * Patients not currently eligible for an alternate competing interventional clinical trial * Enrollment in the Mayo Clinic Cancer Center Neuro-Oncology Program Registry for the study of Nervous System Tumors (IRB#12-003458) Exclusion Criteria: * Age \< 18 years * Found to be a member of a vulnerable population (e.g. pregnant, lacking capacity to consent) during the course of pre-enrollment or pre-surgical assessment * Prior gross total resection of brain tumor leading to absence of visible latent disease (exemption available for post-operative enrollment) * Any contraindication to surgery, including anyone who in the opinion of the surgeon is at unreasonably elevated risk of wound complications * Patients who have not yet undergone surgery or radiation, but who would be appropriate candidates for an alternate interventional clinical trial (e.g. post-operative fractionated vs single fraction radiation to the surgical cavity for surgical brain metastases)